[cflsystems]

You are trying to list more then one category - currect_category is just what it says and applies to currect category you are in and is only one category. This {foreach from=$current_category item=cat} will list individual properties under currect category and nothing else. Not sure yet where are you trying all of this and what variable are available. Try this
{foreach from=$categories key=c item=i}
$i.category : $i.description
{/foreach}
but looking at your debug file attached here you still don't have description included in categories arrays. You need to edit php file and include it